Solar panel yomwe imadziwikanso kuti photovoltaic panel ndi chipangizo chomwe chimatenga kuwala kwa dzuwa ndikutembenuza mphamvu ya dzuwa kukhala magetsi ogwiritsidwa ntchito. Ma solar solar amakhala ndi ma cell angapo a dzuwa (ma cell a photovoltaic). Kugwira ntchito kwa dzuwa kumadalira mwachindunji kuchuluka kwa maselo a dzuwa.
Pulogalamu ya photovoltaic imapangidwa ndi maselo a dzuwa, galasi, EVA, pepala lakumbuyo ndi chimango. Makina amakono owunikira dzuwa amagwiritsa ntchito ma solar a monocrystalline kapena ma solar a polycrystalline. Maselo a dzuwa a Monocrystalline ndi othandiza kwambiri pamene amapangidwa kuchokera ku kristalo imodzi ya silicon ndipo makristasi angapo a silicon amasungunuka pamodzi kuti apange maselo a polycrystalline. Pali njira zingapo zopangira ma solar panel.
Kupanga ma solar panels
Pali makamaka zigawo 5 mu solar panel.
Maselo a dzuwa
Pali zigawo zambiri zomwe zimapanga kupanga maselo a dzuwa. Zowotcha za silicon zikasinthidwa kukhala ma cell a solar zimatha kusintha mphamvu ya dzuwa kukhala magetsi. Selo lililonse la dzuwa limakhala ndi kachitsulo kakang'ono ka silicon (boron) komanso koyipa (phosphorous). Mphamvu yoyendera dzuwa imakhala ndi ma cell 60 mpaka 72.
Galasi
Galasi yowonongeka imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza maselo a PV ndipo galasi nthawi zambiri imakhala 3 mpaka 4 mm wandiweyani. Galasi lakutsogolo limateteza ma cell ku kutentha kwambiri ndipo limapangidwa kuti lizitha kukana kukhudzidwa ndi zinyalala zowulutsidwa ndi mpweya. Magalasi opatsa mphamvu kwambiri omwe amadziwika chifukwa chokhala ndi chitsulo chochepa amathandizira kuti ma solar azitha kugwira ntchito bwino komanso amakhala ndi anti-reflective coating kuti apititse patsogolo kufalikira kwa kuwala.
Aluminium chimango
Chophimba cha aluminiyamu chowonjezera chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza m'mphepete mwa laminate yomwe imakhala ndi maselo. Izi zimapereka mawonekedwe olimba kuti akhazikitse solar panel pamalo. Chojambula cha aluminiyamu chapangidwa kuti chikhale chopepuka komanso chokhoza kupirira katundu wamakina ndi nyengo yovuta. Chojambulacho nthawi zambiri chimakhala chasiliva kapena anodized wakuda ndipo ngodya zake zimatetezedwa ndi kukanikiza kapena zomangira kapena zomangira.
Zithunzi za EVA
Magawo a ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsekereza ma cell a solar ndikuwagwirizanitsa pakupanga. Uwu ndi wosanjikiza wowonekera kwambiri womwe umakhala wokhazikika komanso wolekerera chinyezi komanso kusintha kwakukulu kwanyengo. Zigawo za EVA zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri poletsa chinyezi komanso kulowetsa dothi.
Mbali zonse ziwiri za ma cell a dzuwa ndi laminated ndi zigawo za filimu ya EVA kuti azitha kuyamwa modzidzimutsa komanso kuteteza mawaya olumikizana ndi ma cell kuti asakhudzidwe mwadzidzidzi komanso kugwedezeka.
Bokosi la Junction
Bokosi la Junction limagwiritsidwa ntchito kulumikiza bwino zingwe zomwe zimalumikiza mapanelo. Ichi ndi kanyumba kakang'ono koteteza nyengo komwe kumakhalanso ndi ma bypass diode. Bokosi lolumikizana lili kuseri kwa gululo ndipo apa ndipamene maselo onse amalumikizana ndipo motero, ndikofunikira kuteteza chigawo chapakati ichi ku chinyezi ndi dothi.
Ma solar amatenga pafupifupi zaka 25 mpaka 30 ndipo mphamvu zake zimachepetsedwa pakapita nthawi. Komabe, samasiya kugwira ntchito kumapeto kwa zomwe zimatchedwa moyo; zimangowonongeka pang'onopang'ono ndipo kupanga mphamvu kumachepetsedwa ndi zomwe opanga amawona kuti ndizofunika kwambiri. Chimodzi mwa zifukwa zazikulu zomwe mapanelo a dzuwa amakhala ndi moyo wautali chifukwa alibe magawo osuntha. Malingana ngati sakuwonongeka mwakuthupi ndi zinthu zilizonse zakunja, mapanelo a dzuwa angapitirize kugwira ntchito kwa zaka zambiri. Kuwonongeka kwa ma solar panel kumadaliranso mtundu wa gululo ndipo ukadaulo wa solar panel ukupita bwino pakapita zaka, ziwopsezo zikuyenda bwino.
Malinga ndi kafukufuku, nthawi ya moyo wa solar panel ndi gawo la mphamvu zomwe zapangidwa kwa zaka zambiri motsutsana ndi mphamvu ya solar panel. Opanga opanga ma solar amawerengera pafupifupi 0.8% kutayika kwachangu pachaka. Ma solar akuyembekezeka kutulutsa mphamvu zosachepera 80% za mphamvu zomwe zidavotera kuti zizigwira ntchito bwino. Mwachitsanzo, kuti solar panel ya 100 Watt igwire bwino ntchito, ikufunika kupanga osachepera 80 Watt. Kuti mudziwe momwe solar panel yanu idzagwirira ntchito pakatha zaka zingapo, tifunika kudziwa kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya solar panel. Pa avareji kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka ndi 1% chaka chilichonse.
Nthawi yobwezera mphamvu (EPBT) ndi nthawi yoti solar ipange mphamvu zokwanira kuti ibweze mphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga gululi ndipo nthawi ya moyo wa solar panel nthawi zambiri imakhala yayitali kuposa EPBT yake. Pulogalamu ya solar yosamalidwa bwino imatha kupangitsa kuti pakhale kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono komanso kuwongolera bwino kwapanel. Kuwonongeka kwa solar panel kumatha chifukwa cha kupsinjika kwa kutentha komanso mphamvu zamakina zomwe zimakhudza zigawo za solar panel. Kuyang'ana mapanelo pafupipafupi kumatha kuwulula zinthu monga mawaya owonekera ndi zina zomwe zimadetsa nkhawa kuti ma solar azitha kwa nthawi yayitali. Kuchotsa mapanelo ku zinyalala, fumbi, madzi otsetsereka ndi matalala kumatha kukulitsa luso la mapanelo adzuwa. Kutsekereza kwa kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi zokopa kapena kuwonongeka kwina kulikonse pagawo kungakhudze magwiridwe antchito a mapanelo. Chiwopsezo ndi chochepa kwambiri munyengo yapakati.
Kuchita kwa akuwala kwa msewu wa dzuwa makamaka zimatengera mphamvu ya solar panel yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito. Ndi anthu ochulukirachulukira komanso mabizinesi omwe akupanga ndalama zopangira mphamvu zadzuwa, ndizachilengedwe kuyembekezera kuti chinthu chofunikira kwambiri komanso chokwera mtengo kwambiri chamagetsi amagetsi oyendera dzuwa kuti chikhale cholimba komanso chokwera mtengo. Ma solar odziwika kwambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pano ndi ma solar a monocrystalline ndi polycrystalline, onse omwe amakhala ndi moyo wofanana. Komabe, kuwonongeka kwa ma solar a polycrystalline ndi apamwamba pang'ono kuposa ma solar a monocrystalline. Ngati mapanelo sakusweka ndipo ngati akupanga magetsi okwanira pazosowa zanu, palibe chifukwa chosinthira ma solar solar ngakhale pambuyo pa nthawi ya chitsimikizo.
Monga tawonetsera pachithunzichi, Zenith Lighting ndi Akatswiri opanga mitundu yonse ya magetsi a dzuwa ndi zinthu zina zokhudzana nazo, ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena polojekiti, chonde musazengerezekulumikizana nafe.
Nthawi yotumiza: May-22-2023